The cultivation of rice (or rice grains) is not very popular among farmers, although it is a good crop and can bring good profits.
Rice is considered a minor food and feed crop and is often grown as an intercrop or mixed crop with cowpea, maize or sorghum.
rice grains (umbellata vineyard) is actually a warm season annual legume with yellow flowers and small edible beans.
It is grown primarily as a dry bean, but is also important as a fodder, green manure and vegetable.
Rice is mainly grown as an intermediate crop (especially maize). It is cultivated throughout Indochina and is spreading to southern China, India, Nepal and Bangladesh.
In the past, rice grains were widely grown as lowland crops on residual soil water after the multi-season rice harvest.
But today it has largely been replaced where shorter rice varieties are grown.
Rice beans root quickly and grow well in a variety of soil types. And it has the potential to produce high quality grain and large quantities of nutritious animal feed.
How to start rice cultivation
Rice cultivation is relatively easy. You start small or big, even if you are a complete beginner. Here we provide more information about rice cultivation.
Choose a location
Rice beans can be grown in a variety of soil types. But the best for growing rice is a light and fertile loam or sandy loam soil with a very good drainage system. But avoid choosing a place with saline, alkaline or waterlogged soil.
prepare the terrain
For soil preparation, deep plowing with 1-2 transverse harrowing is suitable.
In preparation for growing rice, remove most weeds from the soil. You can add organic matter to the soil while plowing or harrowing.
For commercial production, you need to add some chemical fertilizer with the addition of organic matter.
You should always use chemical fertilizers based on soil test results.
Usually 10-12 kg of urea and 18-20 kg of superphosphate per acre are needed.
Climatic requirements for growing rice
Rice is a warm season crop. The plants grow well at temperatures between 18°C and 37°C. And an annual rainfall of 600 to 1500 mm is ideal for growing rice.
The best time to grow rice
Rice is actually grown during the kharif season. And the first or third week of July is considered the best time to sow the rice seeds.
Choose the variety
You have the choice between several types of rice. Some common varieties are BRS 1, PRR 2, RBL 1, RBL 6, RBL 35, and RBL 50. Consult with a grower in your area to select the right variety for your business.
Buy seeds
Buy seeds at one of the markets near you, choosing a good variety. Rice bean seeds should be readily available in your area.
Seeds per acre
On average, you will need about 10-12 kg of seeds per acre.
planting
Rice seeds should be planted in rows. Space the rows 10 to 12 inches apart and the seeds about 4 to 5 inches apart.
Sow the seeds about 1 inch deep in the ground. Water lightly after sowing the seeds and try to keep the soil moist at all times.
Care
Usually rice grains do not require additional care. Although the extra care will help the plants grow better and produce more.
Here, we are going to go into more detail about the stages of rice grain maintenance.
Fertilizer: When growing rice, no additional fertilizer is needed. If you have prepared the soil in the above way, the plants will grow normally.
Watering: During the rainy season, watering is not necessary. But you will need to water 2-3 times in the post-monsoon period (when the rainy season does not come on time or drought occurs).
Cannabis control: Sometimes weeds create serious problems in the cultivation of any crop. Weeds usually consume soil nutrients and plants suffer. So you need to deal with weeds in a timely manner. To protect the field from weeds, frequent weeding and loosening is necessary. 1-2 days after sowing, a 30-50 loosening is needed to control weeds. Mulching is also a very effective way to reduce soil temperature and also helps keep weeds out of the field.
Pests and diseases
Small grubs, legworms, blisters, lizards and larvae are common pests of rice plants.
And the common rice grain diseases are yellow leaves and stem rot.
Please consult an agricultural specialist in your area for good advice on pest and disease management.
Harvest
You can expect to start harvesting when around 80% of the pods are brown.
Only harvest the rice in the morning to avoid spilling the pod. Harvesting is done in small plots because the plants are interconnected with each other.
After harvest, dry the seeds in the sun and store the seeds in shallow containers.
yield
Average returns may vary from location to location. The average rice yield is 200-300 kg per hectare.
Nutrition of rice
Rice is very nutritious and plays a very important role in improving human, animal and soil health. The seeds are a good source of protein, essential amino acids, fatty acids and minerals. Good luck!
